European Expansion and Atlantic Slavery

John Green: 15th Century Mariners 

Henry Louis Gates: Wonders of the African World (0-10:38 and -31:15-34:37)

Atlantic Slave Trade

Amazing Unit II Study Guide: Reformation(s) and Historical Habits of Mind

HUMANISM, EARLY CHALLENGERS, and ERASMUS

• Manchester, page 112-131 (at the break). Why were the humanists so dangerous to the Church and how far does ERASMUS go in challenging the church? 

• Perry textbook, Chapter 14, pages 316-326, including the primary source excerpts. How is Luther portrayed in Perry? What are the critical variables that allowed Luther to succeed where Wycliffe and Hus failed?

• Erasmus' The Praise of Folly, using the historical thinking exercise for The Praise of Folly. From the date, where does Erasmus and his work fit into the trajectory of Wycliffe, Hus, and Luther? 

Khan Academy: An Introduction to the Protestant Reformation

MARTIN LUTHER

• Manchester on Luther (pages 131-143)and Bainton on Luther (pages 237-245). Do these historians agree or disagree with each other about Luther?  What impact did Luther’s childhood have on his religious beliefs, including sin? What impact did the phrase, “My God, my God, why has thou forsaken me” have on Luther’s religious thinking? Finally, for Luther, what is required of Man?

Khan Academy: Martin Luther

PBS Video Already Watched in Class 

HENRY VIII's ANGLICANISM AND JOHN CALVIN'S CALVINIST GENEVA 

• Perry textbook on the Spread of the Reformation (pages 327-334) including how the different branches of Protestantism develop such as Henry VIII’s Anglican England and John Calvin’s Calvinist Geneva. Why was each so popular with the people? How do they develop differently? By 1560, what beliefs do Protestants everywhere share in common?

 Khan Academy: Varieties of the Reformation

Reformation and its Consequences

OTTOMAN EMPIRE AND ELIZABETHEAN ENGLAND 

• Brotton's Theological Brexit article and Mikhail's When England Admired Islam article. Source the articles, opine on perspective, and be ready to discuss this question, "How can this narrative regarding the Ottoman Empire challenge or disrupt claims to European heritage and identity?" 

Jerry Brotton, Islam & Shakespeare 

CATHOLIC REFORMATION 

• Perry textbook, pages 335-338 on the Catholic Response and the impact of the Reformation on modernity. How does the Catholic Church respond to growing Protestantism? To what extent does the Church fix itself? 

• Ms. Rousseva’s art history presentation 

VIEWS OF JEWS AND OTTOMAN TURKS DURING THE REFORMATION 

Facing History, Facing Ourselves: Ancient Roots of Anti-Judaism 

• Roper on Hatreds (Chapter 18, pages 371-385) of the Martin Luther: Renegade and Prophet.  How does Luther's certainty of his interpretation lead to hatred of Catholics and Jews? How and why does Luther's view of the Ottoman Empire change over time?

THE PRINTING PRESS AND RELIGIOUS POLARIZATION  

• The Newberry Library Religious Change and Print Culture document packet. How did religious leaders use technology and print media to gain followers and attack other sects of Christianity? To what extent did the ideas, or needs, of the Reformation drive technological change or the manipulation of technology? Lessons for us today? 

Crash Course: Reformation

Current Event Day (Week of October 18): Jamal Khashoggi, Free Speech, and Turkish relations with Saudi Arabia, EU and US

We end this quarter with a unit on Free Speech & the Enlightenment and we end the spring quarter with our Mock EU Council, so the Jamal Khashoggi case seems quite relevant to our course.  Gerst classes will consider it as this week's current event issue, with Khashoggi's final article published this morning by the Washington Post.  Consider its argument on the importance of language in constructing a free press, something Martin Luther benefitted from with the printing press as well. 

What the World Needs Now: Free Expression

https://www.wsj.com/video/the-implications-behind-saudi-journalist-disappearance/46C5A0D2-88F9-4D1B-B8BE-2427554548B4.html  

https://www.wsj.com/video/what-we-know-about-the-missing-saudi-journalist-jamal-khashoggi/CFE671AC-8591-445D-B768-DF6706034DE7.html

http://www.wsj.com/video/how-saudi-journalist-jamal-khashoggi-went-from-missing-to-killed/D29C98D1-5209-41F6-B970-2A003883C49F.html

http://www.wsj.com/video/why-us-saudi-economic-ties-complicate-diplomacy/A7093B52-1E47-4BF3-9845-2757A1F385D0.html

https://www.wsj.com/video/two-countries-that-stand-to-benefit-from-the-khashoggi-tragedy/B6C82F79-4504-43C7-A833-C16DD10A07C6.html 

Saudis’ Image Makers: A Troll Army and a Twitter Insider 

https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/150546.pdf 

Five of the most violent moments of the Reformation

http://theconversation.com/five-of-the-most-violent-moments-of-the-reformation-71535

Why Europe’s wars of religion put 40,000 ‘witches’ to a terrible death

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2018/jan/07/witchcraft-economics-reformation-catholic-protestant-market-share

A classmate of mine at Kent reminded me of what Orwell said about “doublethink “* in 1984

The power of holding two contradictory beliefs in one's mind simultaneously, and accepting both of them… To tell deliberate lies while genuinely believing in them, to forget any fact that has become inconvenient, and then, when it becomes necessary again, to draw it back from oblivion for just as long as it is needed, to deny the existence of objective reality and all the while to take account of the reality which one denies—all this is indispensably necessary. Even in using the word doublethink it is necessary to exercise doublethink. For by using the word one admits that one is tampering with reality; by a fresh act of doublethink one erases this knowledge; and so on indefinitely, with the lie always one leap ahead of the truth.^[5

The Catastrophic Opening of the Atlantic & the Commercial Revolution

http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0073106925/student_view0/animated_maps.html (use this link to get to the animated, Exploration and Empire: 1600-1800)

For a short video on how to place the European voyages globally at this time (played in Gerst Tuesday class), see John Green's 10 minute episode on 15th century mariners (Zheng He, de Gama, and Columbus).   

The Jungle Grows Back, the Case for American Leadership

https://youtu.be/sRCwYy5qrt4

Sign-Up Sheets for the Art Institute and for the EU Mock Council

Please sign up for the Art Institute field trip here.

Factors to consider:

• how busy you are this quarter versus how busy you are in the very late winter/early spring quarter (make sure you consider your extra-curricular activities) 
• your interest in representational vs. non-representational art 
• with whom you plan to partner 

Please sign up for your top three choices for the EU Mock Council here.

Factors to consider:

• your own language proficiency 
• the region inside or outside of Europe you are most interested in 
• the issues you are interested in (political, economic, or social). This year, we are featuring themes of (1) liberal democracy and the rule of law; (2) trade, competitiveness and globalization; and (3) language, immigration and identity.
• the partner(s) you want (larger countries are generally assigned three students, smaller countries two students, and partners are typically assigned within a class period so that you may work together on current event assignments) 
• you and your partner will split up the themes above within your country, so you should not sign up with a partner where both of you are dead-set on the same theme 

Art History Reformation Lecture Slides, 10/4

Art History Reformation Lecture Slides from 10/4

Five Centuries after the Reformation

During current events this week, we will begin to think about the influence of religion today in Western Europe.  (We will need to have a separate discussion on Eastern Europe.)

https://www.pbs.org/video/religion-and-ethics-newsweekly-500th-anniversary-protestant-reformation/

http://www.pewforum.org/2017/08/31/five-centuries-after-reformation-catholic-protestant-divide-in-western-europe-has-faded/