Authoritarianism
Fascism
Communism
Totalitarianism
Liberal democracies
Socialist democracies
European Union and United Nations as supranational organizations
I. Russian Revolution
Read Perry on totalitarianism and Communist Russia (pages 712-716, 725-737) and the primary source handout on Stalin's forced Collectivization and the liquidation of the Kulaks. Why did the Provisional Government and liberal democracy fail in Russia in 1917? What are the distinctive features of a totalitarian state? What motivated Stalin to make terror a government policy? What motivated Communist bureaucrats to participate in Stalin's inhumanities?
History vs. Vladimir Lenin
John Green Crash Course Russian Revolution & Civil War
People's Century 1917 Red Flag
II. Roaring '20s, Stock Market Crash '29, Great Depression
Please read the McKay handout on the Search for Peace and Political Stability , 881-893 Were the 1920s a cruel "head fake" -- meaning "a type of feint in which someone moves the head to fake an intended change in direction and thereby deceive opponents" -- by history? How should governments respond in times of depression (the period of the 1930s is known as the Great Depression)? Austerity? Keynesian spending? Public works programs? Social welfare?
John Green Crash Course European History: Post-WWI Recovery
Great Depression & Dictators
III. Rise of Fascism
Read Perry chapter 29, pages 737-752 and the Mussolini handout. According to Perry, fascism has a "nature." What is it? How does fascism manifest in Mussolini's Italy? How about in Nazi Germany?
Master Race (1933)
Read Perry, chapter 29, pages 753-765 and 792 (start at the Road to War)-796, along with this Spanish Civil War video, and George Orwell essay on the Spanish Civil War. In what ways did Nazism conflict with the core values of both the Enlightenment and Christianity? Why did the Nazi regime attract so many supporters? What examples does the reading and the film show us in terms of the actualization of Hitler's racial theories in Germany, Austria, Poland, and Russia? What lessons might democratic societies draw from the Nazi experience?
Spanish Civil War
So, what's difference between totalitarianism, communism and fascism? See this HANDY GUIDE.
IV. World War II, the Cold War and the Creation of the European Union
Read Perry, chapter 29, pages 796-812. How did the governments of the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union respond to the forces of Hitler and Mussolini?
Read Perry, chapter 29, pages 812-822, and visit online the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, digging into testimonies and personal histories left behind by those who survived the Nazis. What factors led to the defeat of the Nazis?
What were the origins of and key developments in the Cold War? How did the Soviet Union change over time under different leaders (Stalin, Khrushchev, Gorbachev)? What factors led to the collapse of Communism and the end of the Cold war? Is it back with Putin?
The rise and fall of the Berlin wall
Read pages 837-841 on Building a New Europe: Unity and Recovery (stop at the Soviet bloc) and pages 858-864 on the European Union. Why did Europeans argue for a "European Union" in the first place? How would you juxtapose (compare) the aims of EU membership for Western Europe versus the former Eastern Bloc? Is the European project different in the 21st century than in the immediate aftermath of WWII?
The First 50 Years of the European Union
The United Nations
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